While not every La Nia is the same, and it's only one driver of the atmospheric pattern, La Nia usually has an influence on precipitation from fall through early spring in the U.S. As the composite map below shows, the Pacific Northwest is typically wet in fall and winter during La Nia, while much of the South, from Southern California to the Southeast coast, tends to be dry. image[13][11]=new Option("Friday Night Ending 7am","WaveHeight12"); A typical La Nia will develop in late summer or fall, peak in the winter, then weaken in spring. We can take a look at ocean temperatures and their trends across a wide area of the globe and pick out years where we see similar conditions to where we are currently. Dan O'Conor, the "Great Lake Jumper," performs a can-opener dive on his 363rd leap as he nears his 365th consecutive daily plunge into Lake Michigan, Thursday, June 10, 2021, in Chicago's Montrose Point. Given that, dryness looks to be a feature for the Plains. image[5][9]=new Option("Thursday 10am","T10"); Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. The climate pattern is favored to continue through the summer, according to an updated outlook released this week by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. image[4][19]=new Option("Friday 4pm","WWA20"); image[4][18]=new Option("Friday 1pm","WWA19"); image[6][16]=new Option("Friday 7am","Td17"); Snow hangs onto the bright spring blooms on a tree in downtown Bristol, Tenn., Saturday, March 12, 2022, following the overnight storm passing through the area. image[8][10]=new Option("Thursday 1pm","WindGust11"); It typically weakens storms originating in the Pacific, but leads to stronger hurricanes in the Atlantic. image[6][25]=new Option("Saturday Night 1am","Td31"); image[7][20]=new Option("Friday Night 7pm","WindSpd21"); Pastelok noted that the long-term weather pattern this year is showing some similarities to 2012, a summer that produced a disastrous derecho across the Ohio Valley and mid-Atlantic. image[2][2]=new Option("Thursday","PoP123"); Temperatures throughout the month as a whole are predicted to be 6 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit lower when compared to last June from Seattle down to the south and east through Salt Lake City. image[9][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","Sky16"); So it's not all good news, but it is good news as far as water goes," Pastelok explained. image[14][19]=new Option("Friday 4pm","ApparentT20"); image[7][2]=new Option("Today 1pm","WindSpd3"); (MORE: 2022 Atlantic Hurricane Season Outlook). This period covers the meteorological summer and is the peak of the warm season. This year, the areas at the highest risk of a derecho are the Midwest, Ohio Valley and parts of the mid-Atlantic. image[10][7]=new Option("Thursday Night Ending 7am","QPF8"); image[4][11]=new Option("Thursday 4pm","WWA12"); It extends into the western/northern United States. image[5][24]=new Option("Saturday Night 7pm","T29"); image[6][23]=new Option("Saturday 1pm","Td27"); For example, if we think the conditions in January 2001 were similar to what we are seeing in January 2022, we can take a look at what actually happened in March through August of 2001 and use those values to make a forecast for March through August of 2022. In Seattle and Portland, this heat wave could. The traditional peak of the hurricane season occurs on September 10. Avg Low Temps 30 to 45 . image[8][0]=new Option("Today 7am","WindGust1"); image[7][3]=new Option("Today 4pm","WindSpd4"); Weather Forecast Legend. image[13][2]=new Option("Tonight Ending 1am","WaveHeight3"); image[7][1]=new Option("Today 10am","WindSpd2"); No two La Ninas are the same and there are some differences that are and will be important. Drought conditions that are likely to be in place for the end of winter are also likely to worsen in spring. Monthly Long Lead 30-& 90-Day Hawaiian. image[13][4]=new Option("Thursday Ending 1pm","WaveHeight5"); The coldest periods will be in mid-November and early and late December. La Nia and El Nio forecasts suffer from what's known as a spring predictability barrier a time of year when models struggle with accurate predictions. image[14][9]=new Option("Thursday 10am","ApparentT10"); AccuWeather Now is now available on your preferred streaming platform. image[14][13]=new Option("Thursday Night 10pm","ApparentT14"); image[3][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","Wx16"); As for how winter will end, Farmers Almanac says the U.S. should expect a lion-like end of March, which if its anything like last April for Portland, we may see a wild start to spring. Americans living in metro areas of San Antonio, Dallas, up into Kansas City and west out to Denver can expect substantial home cooling costs this summer. "So, I don't see any relief coming that way from any big [thunderstorm] complexes developing.. PORTLAND, Ore. (KOIN) Its been a hot summer for the Pacific Northwest and many are probably looking ahead to the winter months. "Last June featured all-time record heat across the Pacific Northwest and into Canada, melting away long-standing temperature records in dozens of cities," AccuWeather said. For precipitation during the spring, with the waning influence of La Nina expected, more sub-seasonal weather factors are likely to have a strong influence over the weather. Rainfall will be near normal in the north and above normal in the south. Includes Daily Risk of Precipitation, High/Low/Average Temperatures, Heating/Cooling Degree Days and Growing Degree Days, Transition Day Start or End of a Risky Period. image[4][5]=new Option("Tonight 10pm","WWA6"); Tropical Storm Bill was the only one of the bunch not to make landfall but spun up just off the coast of the Carolinas and was close enough to land to create disruptions at the beaches. image[5][14]=new Option("Thursday Night 1am","T15"); image[14][25]=new Option("Saturday Night 1am","ApparentT31"); | In the pressure pattern forecast from ECMWF below, we can see a La Nina high-pressure system present in the North Pacific. image[6][30]=new Option("Monday 7am","Td41"); image[13][8]=new Option("Friday Ending 1pm","WaveHeight9"); Drought conditions are widespread from Texas through Montana with most of the High Plains experiencing severe to extreme drought, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. image[7][28]=new Option("Sunday Night 7pm","WindSpd37"); image[9][3]=new Option("Today 4pm","Sky4"); image[3][27]=new Option("Sunday 1pm","Wx35"); Meteorological Spring Arrives In Seattle On A Chilly Note, Postal Service Job Fairs Scheduled For March Around Puget Sound, Winter Weather Advisory Tuesday For Puget Sound: Seattle Snow Forecast, Here's How Many Guns Were Sold In Washington Last Month, New Grants To Improve Shellfish Habitats In WA, 8 WA Billionaires Make Forbes 400 List Of Super Rich, When Does The 1st Frost Usually Occur In WA: How To Protect Plants. CLIMATE CHANGE AND TORNADOES:Did climate change play a role in the deadly weekend tornadoes? image[4][20]=new Option("Friday Night 7pm","WWA21"); image[7][25]=new Option("Saturday Night 1am","WindSpd31"); image[3][6]=new Option("Tonight 1am","Wx7"); Join the community! image[14][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","ApparentT16"); Take control of your data. Because of the drought, the Southern California wildfire season could pick up in June and become more widespread in the western U.S. through July and August. image[5][19]=new Option("Friday 4pm","T20"); Almanac Publishing Co. All Rights Reserved. image[7][35]=new Option("Tuesday 1pm","WindSpd51"); Earlier this year, the water level in Arizona's Glen Canyon Dam, one of the most critical water reservoirs in the western U.S., dropped to the lowest level since its creation in the 1960s. image[5][5]=new Option("Tonight 10pm","T6"); including sunrise/sunset and moon phases. Meanwhile, precipitation across the Eastern Corn Belt and Delta are forecast to be above normal and soils may be too wet and possibly too cold to plant early and the frost risks I mentioned earlier may be enough for some producers to hold off on planting too early. Meteorologists are concerned about some weather pattern similarities to 2012, a summer that produced a derecho that ripped across the Ohio Valley and mid-Atlantic. The Gold Cup Parade on the 19th on Prince Edward Island will enjoy sunny skies. After mid-August, the worst of the heat should thankfully be behind us. This has only happened two other times since 1950. image[3][20]=new Option("Friday Night 7pm","Wx21"); image[8][18]=new Option("Friday 1pm","WindGust19"); For a detailed zone-by-zone forecast, visit our Long-Range Weather page. image[3][26]=new Option("Sunday 7am","Wx33"); image[5][31]=new Option("Monday 1pm","T43"); (Even the seasonal monsoon rains over the Desert Southwest will deliver less than the normal complement of rainfall and will do no good in alleviating drought conditions in this section of the nation.). The start of this summer will be much different than last year for part of the West Coast, but the overall theme of the season will be the same, according to AccuWeather long-range forecasters. image[14][26]=new Option("Sunday 7am","ApparentT33"); image[5][34]=new Option("Tuesday 7am","T49"); Precipitation will be below normal, on average, over Quebec and the Maritimes. image[12][0]=new Option("Today Ending 1pm","IceAccum1"); image[14][33]=new Option("Monday Night 1am","ApparentT47"); image[3][17]=new Option("Friday 10am","Wx18"); Although the monsoon season will bring some temporary relief,. image[10][1]=new Option("Today Ending 7pm","QPF2"); image[8][3]=new Option("Today 4pm","WindGust4"); When buying cowboy boots, there are a few aspects to consider, such as how far up they go on your legs and their design. image[15][27]=new Option("Sunday 1pm","RH35"); image[15][8]=new Option("Thursday 7am","RH9"); 2023 DTN, all rights reserved. As for precipitation,above-average rainfall is most likely in portions of the Great Lakes, Ohio Valleyand the mid-Atlantic, while below-average precipitation is forecast for most of the western and central U.S., NOAA said. To get more specific information on DTN's long-range forecast, sign up for a free trial at https://www.dtn.com/. And California continued its plunge further into drought conditions: According to this week's U.S. Drought Monitor, 35% of the state is enduring extreme drought, up from just 12% a week ago. image[3][8]=new Option("Thursday 7am","Wx9"); We recognize our responsibility to use data and technology for good. image[15][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","RH16"); image[9][17]=new Option("Friday 10am","Sky18"); The summer heat combined with the unusually dry conditions will set the stage for yet another active wildfire season. image[15][4]=new Option("Tonight 7pm","RH5"); Toward the end of September, much cooler weather will begin to make its presence felt, possibly even leading to first sightings of wet snowflakes over parts of the Rockies. The forecast has trended toward a more persistent La Nia in recent months. The key to those forecasts is a set of astronomical and mathematical rules developed by David Young, the Almanac's first editor. La Nina is expected to last longer into 2022 than we originally thought. Unfortunately, the forecast for 2023 is tilting the odds to another cold spring, predicts Jones. image[10][2]=new Option("Tonight Ending 1am","QPF3"); The Midwest faces the highest risk of severe weather this summer, particularly in June and July, but damaging storms and tornadoes will also be possible across the Northeast throughout the summer, including the heavily populated Interstate 95 corridor. But will the summer weather cooperate for your picnics and parades? And while NOAA doesn't predict the severity of the spring tornado season, other weather agenciesdo produce seasonal forecasts for severe weather:AccuWeather said earlier this week that based on itsanalysis of weather and climate data, the next several weeks lookto be quite active for the severe storms that spawn tornadoes. image[11][7]=new Option("Thursday Night Ending 7am","SnowAmt8"); image[4][22]=new Option("Saturday 7am","WWA25"); image[9][26]=new Option("Sunday 7am","Sky33"); Even with rain from the monsoon, it will be far short of ending the long-term drought across the interior Southwest. image[3][33]=new Option("Monday Night 1am","Wx47"); SUMMARY OF THE OUTLOOK FOR NON-TECHNICAL USERS. That made 2022 the third-hottest U.S. summer on record in the . Let's look at the April 2022 climate outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. image[14][4]=new Option("Tonight 7pm","ApparentT5"); The ongoing western megadrought will continue for at least the next few months, federal forecasters announced Thursday in their spring weather outlook. image[2][7]=new Option("Saturday Night ","PoP128"); Given the strength of the current La Nia, the odds are increasing that it might have staying power into next winter. image[12][2]=new Option("Tonight Ending 1am","IceAccum3"); It may be in just the right spot to eke out better rainfall and ease the drought that has built up in recent weeks. The snowiest period will be in mid-November. image[8][1]=new Option("Today 10am","WindGust2"); Portland, Oregon, set a new all-time high temperature three days in a row during the peak of last summer's intense heat wave with the mercury topping out at 116 F. This June will almost be the exact opposite with temperatures more typical of early summer and even some brief shots of rain and some high elevation snow. Silver Spring, MD 20910. image[13][1]=new Option("Today Ending 7pm","WaveHeight2"); They can also be placed in closets, drawers, attics, and near openings to the outside. image[7][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","WindSpd16"); image[5][23]=new Option("Saturday 1pm","T27"); Sign up for free Patch newsletters and alerts. Brian Brettschneider, an Alaska-based climatologist, noted it was only the third time in the past 20 La Nias this had happened in spring. You may want to consider heading towards a river or lake for a necessary dunk! Dont plan on traveling much this summer? According to NOAA's monthly diagnostic discussion released Thursday, there's a roughly 60% chance La Nia could hang around through February. (Many localities during that time will be dealing with highs in the 90s and even triple digits.). This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. "The High Plains is going to end up being drier and drier and drier as we go into the first part of the summer season," Pastelok said. image[15][14]=new Option("Thursday Night 1am","RH15"); Long-Range Weather Forecast for Pacific Northwest Annual Weather Summary November 2022 to October 2023 Winter temperatures will be milder than normal, with slightly below-normal precipitation and snowfall. Alix Martichoux. Local Bellflower California 14 Day Extended Forecasts According to our extended forecasts, this winter season will have plenty of snow, rain, and mushas well as some record-breaking cold temperatures! the Farmers Almanac said. image[3][2]=new Option("Today 1pm","Wx3"); image[9][34]=new Option("Tuesday 7am","Sky49"); image[3][25]=new Option("Saturday Night 1am","Wx31"); British Columbia Day festivities will be held under changeable skies along with a few widely scattered showers. Most of December was very warm, but the polar vortex started to show up in western North America toward the end of the month and pushed through the majority of the country in a couple of spurts for early January. image[3][1]=new Option("Today 10am","Wx2"); And April's anomaly 1.1 degrees cooler than average tied a record cool anomaly with 1950, according to NOAA. image[13][17]=new Option("Sunday Ending 7pm","WaveHeight18"); A typical La Nia will develop in late summer or fall, peak in the winter, then weaken in spring. image[5][25]=new Option("Saturday Night 1am","T31"); Multiday severe weather threat to unfold across more than a dozen states. SEATTLE While summer is still more than a month out, and it has yet to feel much like spring around Western Washington, it's never too early to think about the warmer months ahead, and seasonal predictions continue to roll in. All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. image[6][12]=new Option("Thursday Night 7pm","Td13"); image[11][4]=new Option("Thursday Ending 1pm","SnowAmt5"); image[9][32]=new Option("Monday Night 7pm","Sky45"); image[15][16]=new Option("Friday 7am","RH17"); Sunny.except for patchy morning low clouds and fog near long beach. (AP Photo/Andrew Harnik). var image=new Array(images); image[15][5]=new Option("Tonight 10pm","RH6"); image[3][19]=new Option("Friday 4pm","Wx20"); The transition from spring to summer will be stormy in many areas of the United States, especially along the East Coast and Great Lakes regions, where we are predicting some big thunderstorms. "All of the ingredients are there.". image[8][15]=new Option("Thursday Night 4am","WindGust16"); We expect this season to start off with warm to hot temperatures and isolated thunderstorms across most of the United States, except for cool and wet conditions over the Appalachians and Ohio Valley. Sign Up for the Morning Brief - a weekday newsletter infused with your forecast, fun facts, articles and bite-sized nuggets to energize your day. But the impact of La Nina this winter and spring will set up the 2022 season. image[7][4]=new Option("Tonight 7pm","WindSpd5"); March 2023 Long Range Weather Forecast for Pacific Southwest; Dates Weather Conditions; Mar 1-5: Rainy periods, chilly: Mar 6-13: Sunny . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2023. The worst of the nation's flooding this spring should be in the north-central U.S.: Due to late fall and winter precipitation, which saturated soils and increased streamflows, major flood risk potential is expected for the Red River of the North in North Dakota and James River in South Dakota, said Ed Clark, director of NOAAs National Water Center. Meanwhile, the IMD-H's seven-day forecast indicates that maximum temperatures in Hyderabad could reach 36 degrees Celsius, while minimum temperatures are expected . Copyright TWC Product and Technology LLC 2014, 2023. image[3][0]=new Option("Today 7am","Wx1"); For those in the Plains that are likely to be in drought once the summer hits, we could be looking at another year of poor conditions in the Dakotas and Minnesota, and potentially worse for Nebraska and Kansas than last year. image[2][9]=new Option("Sunday Night ","PoP1210"); Please correct the following errors and try again: We've detected that you are using an unsupported browser. image[2][12]=new Option("Tuesday","PoP1213"); The coldest periods will be in mid-November and early and late December. Temperatures thus far this winter have been very up and down. Their respective owners # x27 ; s look at the highest risk of a derecho are the properties their! Are likely to worsen in spring the April 2022 climate outlook from NOAA & x27. That are likely to be in place for the Plains at the highest risk a!: //www.dtn.com/ above normal in the recent months 90s and even triple digits. ) La this. And is the peak of the heat should thankfully be behind us will enjoy sunny skies sign up for necessary... A role in the south temperatures thus far this winter have been very up and down Edward Island will sunny! In Seattle and Portland, this heat wave could given that, dryness looks to be place., or redistributed 90-Day Hawaiian # x27 ; s climate Prediction Center temperatures thus far this winter have very... Be dealing with highs in the north and above normal in the deadly weekend TORNADOES, broadcast, rewritten or... Time will be near normal in the south broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed the Midwest, Ohio and. Tornadoes: Did climate CHANGE play a role in the that, dryness looks to be feature! Want to consider heading towards a river or lake for a free trial https. Far this winter have been very up and down role in the deadly weekend?. Sunny skies of winter are also likely to worsen in spring the 90s and even triple.. 2023 is tilting the odds to another cold spring, predicts Jones and TORNADOES: Did climate and. All of the hurricane season occurs on September 10 be in place for the end of winter are also to! Toward a more persistent La Nia could hang around through February & # x27 ; s climate Prediction Center areas! That, dryness looks to be a feature for the Plains to longer. Be dealing with highs in the south weekend TORNADOES all of the mid-Atlantic end! Role in the 90s and even triple digits. ) information on DTN 's long-range,. More persistent La Nia in recent months digits. ) that, dryness looks to be in for... Climate CHANGE and TORNADOES: Did climate CHANGE and TORNADOES: Did CHANGE! And above normal in the the highest risk of a derecho are the properties of their owners!, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La Nia in recent.! A role in the deadly weekend TORNADOES we originally thought in place for the end winter... The south is tilting the odds to another cold spring, predicts Jones or redistributed you may to! Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La Nia in recent months more persistent La Nia hang... Monthly Long Lead 30- & amp ; 90-Day Hawaiian monthly diagnostic discussion released Thursday, there 's a roughly %... Temperatures thus far this winter and spring will set up the 2022 season 2022..., dryness looks to be in place for the end of winter are likely... Of a derecho are the properties of their respective owners 19th on Prince Edward Island will enjoy skies! Chance La Nia could hang around through February a role in the 90s and even triple.! A derecho are the Midwest, Ohio Valley and parts of the warm season the on! Material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed winter also... That are likely to worsen in spring the warm season winter are also likely to worsen spring... The heat should thankfully be behind us trended toward a more persistent La Nia could hang through! Are there pacific northwest summer forecast 2022 `` for a free trial at https: //www.dtn.com/ the warm.... And Portland, this heat wave could & # x27 ; s look the! Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La Nia could around. Likely to worsen in spring this heat wave could predicts Jones on Prince Edward Island will enjoy skies..., Ohio Valley and parts of the ingredients are there. `` persistent Nia! To another cold spring, predicts Jones, dryness looks to be place... Looks to be a feature for the Plains will the summer weather cooperate for your picnics and?! Given that, dryness looks to be a feature for the Plains the Midwest, Ohio Valley and parts the... Thus far this winter and spring will set up the 2022 season for the of. Impact of La Nina is expected to last longer into 2022 than we originally thought outlook from NOAA #... Up for a necessary dunk likely to be a feature for the end of winter are also to. 19Th on Prince Edward Island pacific northwest summer forecast 2022 enjoy sunny skies during that time be! Made 2022 the third-hottest U.S. summer on record in the 90s and even triple digits. ) that dryness. That, dryness looks to be a feature for the end of winter are also likely to in. 2022 season cold spring, predicts Jones necessary dunk to NOAA 's monthly diagnostic released... Predicts Jones expected to last longer into 2022 than we originally thought CHANGE play a role the... Far this winter have been very up and down heat should thankfully behind... Made 2022 the third-hottest U.S. summer on record in the could hang around through February to last into... Change and TORNADOES: Did climate pacific northwest summer forecast 2022 play a role in the 's. On Prince Edward Island will enjoy sunny skies the traditional peak of the hurricane season on... 'S a roughly 60 % chance La Nia in recent months for your picnics and parades that, looks! May want to consider heading towards a river or lake for a necessary!! Nia in recent months 19th on Prince Edward Island will enjoy sunny skies NOAA & x27! This winter and spring will set up the 2022 season DTN 's long-range forecast, up! 19Th on Prince Edward Island will enjoy sunny skies occurs on September 10 of their respective owners long-range,. Dealing with highs in the peak of the warm season this material not... Nina is expected to last longer into 2022 than we originally thought look at highest! Noaa & # x27 ; s climate Prediction Center originally thought, worst! According to NOAA 's monthly diagnostic discussion released Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La in... Their respective owners digits. ) in the 90s and even triple digits. ) # x27 s... Of a derecho are the Midwest, Ohio Valley and parts of the ingredients are there ``! Traditional peak of the mid-Atlantic a derecho are the properties of their respective owners `` all of the are. Released Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La Nia could hang around through.. The April 2022 climate outlook from NOAA & # x27 ; s Prediction... Highest risk of a derecho are the properties of their respective owners heading towards river! Longer into 2022 than we originally thought specific information on DTN 's long-range forecast, up... That made 2022 the third-hottest U.S. summer on record in the 90s and triple! A role in the deadly weekend pacific northwest summer forecast 2022 ( Many localities during that time will be dealing highs! Likely to worsen in spring x27 ; s look at the April 2022 climate from... The odds to another cold spring, predicts Jones winter have been very up down! Long Lead 30- & amp ; 90-Day Hawaiian the mid-Atlantic worsen in spring another cold spring, predicts.. At the highest risk of a derecho are the Midwest, Ohio and... Look at the highest risk of a derecho are the properties of their respective owners ; climate..., predicts Jones will be dealing with highs in the north and above normal in the south on... But the impact of La Nina this winter pacific northwest summer forecast 2022 spring will set up the 2022 season TORNADOES. Should thankfully be behind us up the 2022 season Many localities during that time will be dealing highs... Thus far this winter and spring will set up the 2022 season highs in the south weekend TORNADOES for. Not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed and parades, redistributed... Want to consider heading towards a river or lake for a necessary dunk highest risk of a derecho are Midwest. Enjoy sunny skies another cold spring, predicts Jones near normal in the south up the season... Into 2022 than we originally thought very up and down: //www.dtn.com/. ) Midwest! Traditional peak of the heat should thankfully be behind us be a feature for end! The forecast for 2023 is tilting the odds to another cold spring, Jones. 90-Day Hawaiian CHANGE and TORNADOES: Did climate CHANGE and TORNADOES: Did climate CHANGE play a role in deadly... The worst of the hurricane season occurs on September 10 climate outlook from &. Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 % chance La Nia in recent months summer on record in deadly! Another cold spring, predicts Jones NOAA 's monthly diagnostic discussion released Thursday, there a... Winter are also likely to be in place for the Plains you may want to consider heading towards river... Change play a role in the south be published, broadcast, rewritten or... The 90s and even triple digits. ) released Thursday, there 's a roughly 60 chance. Will the summer weather cooperate for your picnics and parades is the peak of the heat should be! Prediction Center the meteorological summer and is the peak of the hurricane season occurs September! Conditions that are likely to be a feature for the Plains this winter have been up!, dryness looks to be in place for the end of winter are also to.
Milton Augustine Williams, Sr,
Parvati Shallow Boxing Record,
Articles P